Smart Principles for Knowledge-based Urban Development: Case Finnish Railway Station Areas

Cities undergo continuous transformation processes, which have unique characteristic manifestations over time. The changes in many Finnish cities currently focus on the vicinity of railway station areas due to changes in regional structures and rail transport, as well as the densification of city centres. The enthusiasm for this kind of development is also increased by the special features of railway station areas, which seem to provide opportunities for new kinds of local economic and innovation policies. Railway station areas are also favourable locations for the application of various smart city technologies and services. In this article, we analyse the development of Finnish railway station areas as part of a wider continuum of urban development where both economic and innovation policies unify with urban planning. Case studies confirm our outlook of knowledge-based urban development transitioning to a new phase. This provides the prerequisites for interesting connections between railway station areas, the concept of a smart city and open innovation. One of the aims of our article is to bring together various themes that are brought up in smart city discussions and urban planning by introducing new kinds of spatial planning principles, which can be placed in three categories: 1) smart profiling, 2) smart design and 3) smart innovation

Metsänkäsittelyvaihtoehdot – mihin nykyiset kasvu- ja tuotosmallit riittävät?

Tieteen tori: Metsälakiuudistu

Raaka-aineita, hiilensidontaa ja bioenergiaa – Suomen metsien monet mahdollisuudet

Tieteen tori: Metsäalan toimintaympäristön muutoksen ennakoint

Models for predicting stand development in MELA System

This document addresses the models that are developed to be applicable in the simulation of stand development for forest management planning purposes. A detailed description is provided of the models predicting regeneration, growth and mortality, together with auxiliary models required for the simulation of stand development. Models were developed to be applicable for the all tree species and on all the forest site types throughout the Finland. The model input were restricted to those variables that are measurable in large-scale forest inventories. Extensive data from repeatedly measured inventory growth plots and permanent sample plots were used in the model development. Most of the models in the simulation system can be categorized as individual-tree, distance independent models. After model building they were evaluated and calibrated using the temporary sample plot data from the 8th National Forest Inventory. The purpose was to calibrate the predicted growth to the average level obtained from the growth measurements of national forest inventory, and obtain the growth predictions also for those tree species, and site types that were poorly represented in the modelling data